Command Line

Command Line

Date:                Friday, November 7th, 2008
Time:                2:00 - 3:30 pm
Where:                Marriott Library, Multimedia Center, Classroom 1705A

It is assumed you know:
- Basic terminal navigation and usage
Class will cover:
- 10.5 Screen Sharing
- Logging in w/o GUI  (and how to disable it)
- nvram security
- SSH
- X11
- Absolutely essential admin commands such as fs_usage, vmstat, system_profiler, asr, kill, plutil, bless, defaults, etc

Class Notes from February 2008

10.5 screen sharing

---

>console
>restart
>power

/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist

    <key>DisableConsoleAccess</key>
    <true/>

---

nvram security-mode=none

nvram boot-args=
nvram boot-args=-s
nvram boot-args=-v

---

/etc/sshd_config

Protocol 2
...
AllowUsers mac

10.5 built-in

service ssh start
service ssh stop

What file turns on ssh?

/etc/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh_host_key
/etc/ssh_host_key.pub
/etc/ssh_host_rsa_key
/etc/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub

/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ssh.plist

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fs_usage | egrep "/.*"

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10.5 X11

Sycns with Xorg 7.2
Installed by default
A "work in progress"
Biggest user-visible change in Leopard X11 is a new launch-on-demand support.  Type *any* x11 command in Terminal.app and it will open in X11.
http://homepage.mac.com/sao1/X11/index.html
http://forums.macosxhints.com/showthread.php?t=80171

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system_profiler

---

kill
killall
kill -9 (killall -9)
kill -USR1
kill -USR1 DirectoryServices

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Plist files

Dictionary
Array
Integer
String
etc

plutil -convert xml1 ...
plutil -convert binary1 ...


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To not create .DS_Store

defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores true
cp ~/Library/Prefrences/com.apple.desktopservices.plist /Library/Prefrences/
sudo chmod 755 /Library/Prefrences/com.apple.desktopservices.plist

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Universal Access

GUI AppleScripting

Funky problems are amusing: strange random clicking, wacked out or zoomed display, keyboard quits working, etc.

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echo "source /usr/share/tcsh/examples/rc"     > ~/.tcshrc
echo "source /usr/share/tcsh/examples/login"  > ~/.login
echo "source /usr/share/tcsh/examples/logout" > ~/.logout

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ASR images

Creating:

sudo -s
hdiutil create -srcfolder "/Volumes/some volume/" -format SPARSE "sparse_image"
hdiutil convert "sparse_image.sparseimage" -format UDZO -o "compressed_image"
asr -imagescan -nostream "compressed_image.dmg"

Using:

sudo asr restore --source compressed_image.dmg --target /Volumes/10.5.0 --erase

---

http://www.bombich.com/mactips/openfirmware.html

bless -folder /Volumes/diskname/System/Library/CoreServices -bootinfo /usr/standalone/ppc/bootx.bootinfo -label "diskname"

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http://www.bombich.com/mactips/commands.html

softwareupdate
prints list of needed software

setenv COMMAND_LINE_INSTALL 1
softwareupdate <name>










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#!/usr/bin/perl

sub reload_preferences_plist {
    my @scutil = `scutil <<- end_scutil 2> /dev/null
open
show Setup:/
close
end_scutil`;
    my @matches = map { m/UserDefinedName : (.*)/ } @scutil;
    if(@matches == 1) {
        `scselect $matches[0]`;
    }
}